The Declining Numbers of School Age Children in Greenburgh

One topic not raised in the Supervisor's campaign is the steady decline in the number of children ages 5 through 17 residing in Greenburgh. We can get precise numbers by consulting enrollment data at the New York State Education Dept website . There, we can find not only public school enrollment numbers broken out in various demographic categories, but also information about students residing in Greenburgh’s ten school districts attending non-public schools and those being home schooled.  For the ten school districts that are entirely or partially within the Town of Greenburgh, we find the following:    

Note: three school districts cross boundaries with adjacent communities: Tarrytown, Valhalla, and Pocantico Hills.  The other seven are entirely within Greenburgh. 

Guide to the columns:

1. The most recent available US Census estimates (ACS) for total population for each school district. This total population is 20,000 larger than the town of Greenburgh as it includes the portions of Tarryfown UFSD (i.e. Sleepy Hollow), Pocantico Hills SD, and Valhalla UFSD outside of the Town of Greenburgh.

2.  Percentage of each school district's population that is children ages 5 through 17.  This is a rough measurement of "appeal" of a school district for families with school age children.  The Town of Greenburgh's 15% matches the 10 school districts (with their slightly larger population) derived from the census and NYSED data.  This 15% is slightly below Westchester County and equivalent to New York State.

3 is the total '25-'26 school year public school K-12 enrollment for each district; 

4 is the ‘25-‘26 non-public (private & parochial) total of students residing in that school district, 

5 is the ‘25-‘26 home schooled total.  

6 is the ‘25-‘26 % of non-public/home schooled students in each district - a number that varies widely. 

7 is the ‘25-‘26 total of K-12 aged children residing in each district

8: the 5yr % change from '20-'21 (column 11) to the present year '25-'26 (column 7). 

9: the 9yr % change from '16-'17 (column 13) to the present year '25-'26 (column 7)

The remaining columns are the total K-12 children residing in each district (adding public, non-public, and home schoolers) for the respective years.

NOTES:  Over the last 9 years the school age (K-12) population in these 10 schools districts has dropped 4.4%. Most of that decrease (3.3% has come the  past five years).  Over the  last 9 years, only the Ardsley School District has shown an increase of children ages 5 to 17  residing in the district, but since ‘21-‘22 even ASD (which is twice the size of Ardsley village and includes large areas of unincorporated Greenburgh) has seen a 2.4% school age decline. Over the past 9 years, Edgemont - which leads the town’s districts by a wide margin in overall % of school age residents - has seen a higher than average school age population drop of almost 7%. The outliers are both the smallest school district (Pocantico Hills) and the largest Greenburgh school district (Greenburgh Central), each having fallen in their population of school age children by 18% in the last 9 years. 

Non-Public enrollment:

Greenburgh CSD: Out of a total K-12 population of 1,878, 18.2% of students are enrolled in non-public or home school settings (337 non-public, 4 home). Despite having the largest census population (23,106), GC has a remarkably low density of K-12 children—just 8%.   GC has fewer K-12 children than adjacent Edgemont which has just over one-quarter of GC's total population and has a very high density of school age children.  GC, however, has seen most of its dramatic drop in school age children among those attending non-public schools.  Just five years ago, the number choosing non-public in GC was almost 26%, which was just about the highest such percentage in Westchester County.  Eighty percent of GC’s non-public enrollment has been students attending parochial (mostly Catholic Church affiliated) schools. It can be surmised then that GC’s steep decline in school age children in recent years comes from families who would have chosen parochial education to not move to GC. Elmsford shares these trends. Surprisingly, GC’s public school K-12 enrollment has held steady the past 5 years, joining GC with Tarrytown and Valhalla as the only districts not to have such declines while the town as a whole saw 3.3% drop in school age children.  GC’s historically low public school enrollment has stabilized as its demographics rapidly change. 

In Contrast: to GC and Elmsford, districts like Ardsley UFSD (3.2%), Hastings-on-Hudson UFSD (3.3%), and Edgemont UFSD (3.6%) see the vast majority of their school-age residents attending local public schools.

Big Picture: One might assume that the Town of Greenburgh, long considered a suburb with several highly regarded school systems should have a higher % than average of school age children: in fact, the “name brand” school districts like Edgemont, Ardsley and Irvington do have school age populations over 20%. Still, all the school districts, either, in the 5 year or 9 year time frame have shown declines in the number of children ages 5 through 17.  These trends are ongoing although Greenburgh’s overall population is increasing  (and aging) amid the addition of new housing units.

Source: U.S Census. 

 These declines in the number of children parallel what is going on in New York State generally:https://www.empirecenter.org/publications/missing-kids-ny-public-school-enrollment-falls-again/

Money in the 2026 Greenburgh Supervisor Campaign

There are four weeks to go until the Democratic Primary which will decide who will take office as Greenburgh Town Supervisor for a two-year term beginning January 2027.   Early voting begins on June 13th. The candidates have posted their initial campaign finance disclosures at the The New York State Board of Elections.   

To contextualize, I'm comparing the reported numbers (with a month to go) to the final campaign financial results for Paul Feiner's three previous seriously contested primaries. 

                             

(*McGoey's $48,218 remaining funds include a $10,000 loan he made to his campaign).   

The first data that catches attention is that Feiner has let his campaign account dwindle over the years. He entered each of his previous three major primary campaigns with daunting amounts of cash in his war chest.  This time around, however, he started with just $18,196, almost $60,000 less than when his campaign against Bob Bernstein started in 2021.  In that year, however, Feiner aggressively raised money and was able to spend his largest amount on a campaign ($84,142) and still have almost $50,000 left over.  Feiner will have nothing close to that amount to spend this time around.

McGoey’s fundraising is prodigious, and he will almost certainly surpass Bernstein in raising the most money with which to challenge Feiner.  McGoey will also be the recipient of independent expenditures on his behalf by the Greenburgh Town Democratic Party which endorsed him.  However, examining these impressive numbers  reveals a potential weakness in McGoey’s campaign when we look at donors who actually live in Greenburgh.   Here, Paul has the advantage.  

Inside Greenburgh Contributions in 2026

Contributions of $100 or more:

Feiner has         75 Greenburgh itemized donors who have given $12,261

McGoey has     40 Greenburgh itemized donors who have given $12,250

Also among small contributors (who have given less than $100), Paul has a large margin over McGoey

Contributions of less than $100 (non-itemized –the location of the donor is unknown)

Feiner:              $4,499

McGoey            $1,290

Without evidence, I’m assuming most of these donors live inside Greenburgh.

Feiner also received $251 from a partnership located in Greenburgh. McGoey received $150 from a different Greenburgh partnership.  

Feiner has one big ($1000+) donor from inside Greenburgh (and none outside)

McGoey has two big ($1000+) donors inside Greenburgh (and five outside)

 

Outside Greenburgh Contributions:

McGoey is by and away the preferred Greenburgh supervisor for donors who don’t actually live in Greenburgh

Paul took in $1,050 in itemized donations from non-Greenburgh residents, while McGoey has piled up $17,558 from outside Greenburgh itemized donors, far exceeding his total from Greenburgh donors. McGoey's outside Greenburgh donors include five large ($1000+) donors (two individuals from Yonkers, two from Ossining and one from Pelham). 

 

PACS/Unions/Businesses

McGoey again crushes Feiner when it comes to non-individual donations.

Feiner has a mere $500 donation from a PAC (Soft Drink & Brewery Workers PAC).

McGoey has $21,099 in donations from these categories:

Businesses/LLCs                           $. 2,500   

PACS:                                            $17,300

Unions                                           $     550  

Politicians                                      $.    650

Other                                             $       99     

Unsurprisingly, in light of McGoey’s professional background, the PACs amount includes $13,500 from Fire Fighter related PACs.  

Observations: 

Paul Feiner has been winning elections in Greenburgh since 1983. You would have to be 62 years old to have voted in an election in Greenburgh where Feiner was not on the ballot either for the county legislature or town supervisor. He has won every local race he has ever entered, swatting away periodic challenges from mostly political novices (only losing two congressional bids).  In decades, he has faced  only one true nail-biter—back in 2005, when Bill Greenawalt came within a handful of votes of unseating him.  With this track record, betting against Paul Feiner seems foolish. 

This primary cycle, however, seems different. Feiner has neglected his fundraising and, for the first time in memory, enters a campaign stripped of his customary intimidating financial advantage. Many of his veteran loyalists have moved away or aged out of activity.  Feiner is running an improvized campaign on a shoestring budget—relying almost entirely on his near-absolute name recognition.

Barry McGoey, whether he welcomes the label or not, is the embodiment of the party establishment candidate. He carries the near-unanimous backing of the local Democratic Party, which will deploy its funds on his behalf. McGoey has individual donations from many sources outside of Greenburgh. He has the backing of unions related to the firefighters, the police, corrections officers, teamsters and others, and the PACs affiliated with those unions. All he lacks is town-wide name recognition outside his base as an Ardsley Trustee. 

Name recognition remains McGoey’s most imposing hurdle. Feiner’s failed challengers from the past all share the same flaw: they were favored by Democratic Party leadership but had no town-wide electoral experience. For example, none were running from the position of a town board member so that primary voters in Tarrytown, Mayfair-Knollwood, Edgemont, and Hastings might have seen their name before on ballots.  When Feiner starts each campaign with 100% name recognition, this challenge has to be overcome. My 22 year old daughter who grew up in Hartsdale  told me she had assumed Feiner was some kind of distant relative. 

Over the next few weeks, Greenburgh residents can expect a blizzard of mailings and digital ads aimed at boosting McGoey's name with potential primary voters. In four weeks we will find out whether a well-funded establishment blitz will be enough to end the thirty-five-year supervisor career of Paul Feiner.

 - Dan Weinfeld.  you can contact me with comments at danweinfeld@gmail.com

Trump's votes improved in New York State and Westchester County -but in Greenburgh? not so much

Trump improved from 2016 to 2024  
in New York State:
2016:     2,819,534    37%
2024 ;    3,548,552    44% 

2020:     3,251,997    38% 

     

And Westchester County:
2016:     131,238     31%
2020:     144,731     31% 
2024 ;    167,559     37%     

But in Greenburgh, Trump's support, while increasing, was limited to only 27%, much lower than the rest of Westchester Co. or the State of New York. 

The biggest increases in support for Trump from 2016 to 2024 came in Fairview (from 13% to 20%)
and Elmsford school district in unincorporated Greenburgh, with each area showing an increase of 50% or more, although Fairview still shows the lowest support for Trump in Greenburgh outside of Hastings village. 

In the June 2024 Dem. primary , Jamaal Bowman lost support across Greenburgh

I. Jamaal Bowman's electoral record:

(1) June 2020: newcomer Bowman handily defeated longtime incumbent Elliot Engel in the very high turnout June 2020 Democratic primary winning 55.4% of the total vote.   In 2020,  Westchester County comprised 59% of  the active registered Democrats in New York's 16th Congressional District (CD16), with the remainder in the Bronx.  Bowman won 52% of the Westchester County votes in 2020.    In 2020, CD16 included 19 Greenburgh electoral districts (out of then 81)  consisting of the villages of Hastings-on-Hudson, Ardsley, and in unincorporated Greenburgh, the Edgemont school district, and portions of the Ardsley school district south of that village between Edgemont and Hastings.  Bowman outperformed his CD16 margin  in those parts of Greenburgh within CD16 primarily because of the extraordinary result of his receiving 69% in high turn-out Hastings.  

(2) August 2022: in a redistricted CD16 where south and central Westchester County now comprised almost 90% of the districts's Democrats, Bowman defeated challengers Catherine Parker and Vedat Gashi in a low-key campaign, with low turnout, by an almost identical margin as in 2020 (54%) and again won Westchester with 52%. Now with Greenburgh almost entirely within CD16 (excluding 4 electoral districts in Tarrytown village), Bowman's Greenburgh margin fell to 52%, matching his county total. 

(3) June 2024: Before the June 2024 primary, CD16 lines were redrawn in the Bronx, while Westchester (including Greenburgh) remained almost unchanged, maintaining the same 89% to 11% divide among registered Democrats in the two counties comprising the district.  Bowman's vote total of 25,590 in Westchester in June 2024 far exceeded his total of 19,353 in the 2022 primary, but Bowman's percentage of votes in Westchester fell from 52% in 2020 and 2022 to just  36.5% in the 2024 primary.  Turnout in the 2024 primary nearly doubled turnout in 2022, but still fell short of the 2020 primary.  Once again, like in 2022, Bowman's % in Greenburgh matched his result in Westchester Co. 

 

II.  Mapping 2024 Primary Results  in Greenburgh by electoral district

Benjamin Rosenblatt has done all the hard work and created a map depicting the primary results.   Here's the Greenburgh portion from Rosenblatt's website (green are electoral districts won by Latimer, while purple went for Bowman).

Source: https://www.benjrosenblatt.com/live-june-primary-2024

III.  Bowman's vote totals in Greenburgh, broken down by electoral district area.  I keep the Democratic Party "areas" intact except for breaking out the Highpoint Condo complex separately from Fairview and dividing "Hartsley" in the unincorporated areas within the Ardsley school district south and north of Ardsley village.  

With turnout nearly doubling from 7,395 in 2022 to 13,935 in 2024, Bowman's vote total grew in nearly all areas but still fell fall short in those south Greenburgh areas within CD16 2020 from Bowman's success in his freshman campaign.  The most dramatic vote change came in Hastings where the total turnout in 2020 and 2024 were very close, but where Bowman lost 35% of his vote numbers over four years.   

 

IV.  Bowman's vote % by electoral areas: significantly Bowman's % of votes fell in every area when measured from 2022 to 2024 and also in all four areas within CD16 from 2020 to 2024.  The drop in support in the Rivertowns is particularly dramatic: 

V.   As has been usual for several years, turnout in Hastings is extraordinarily high,  led by Hastings ED23, which ranked #7 out of 675 CD16 electoral districts in turnout in the 2024 primary, exceeded only by one ED in Scarsdale, and 5 in north New Rochelle. With CD16 Westchester turnout at 32%,  Greenburgh was well in front of its neighbors with 41%.  As seen by checking these %'s with the map, Bowman's wins were all in lower turnout areas.  

I'm not going to speculate here about the reasons for Bowman's dismal performance in Greenburgh in the 2024 Democratic primary compared to his previous primary results, but the widespread drop in support, even in the two areas he won in 2024, suggests complex reasons rather than the simplistic narrative offered by local and national media and on-line commentators.  I do think that the collapse in Bowman's support in progressive, highly engaged Hastings, points toward disenchantment with Bowman's performance as a congressional representative as much or more than any particular policy issue.   

Mapping Black Households in 1950 Greenburgh: A Study of Suburban Segregation

Several years ago, I wrote a blog post mapping Greenburgh's African American home ownership using data from the 1940 U.S. Census.  My purpose then was to investigate whether Black homeownership patterns in mid-20th century Greenburgh gave evidence of housing segregation.  I concluded that essay writing that  the cumulative impact of examples I offered of segregation practices, such as the widespread use of restrictive covenants in Westchester, the practice of steering, changes to zoning codes, and incidents of neighborhood intolerance highly suggested that the ownership patterns illustrated by that 1940 map did not result from freely made housing choices by Black home buyers.  

Now that the 1950 US Census has been released, we can reexamine that question a decade further on. 

I. Where did Black people live in 1950 Greenburgh?

Sources: https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1950/population-volume-1/vol-01-35.pdf ;   https://www.ancestry.com/ ; https://www.familysearch.org/en/.  [Note: on both familysearch.org and ancestry.com, the 1950 US Census transcriptions are replete with errors and should be confirmed before cited],  

TOV (unincorporated Greenburgh):  
Black population in Census Enumeration Districts 117 (Parkway Gardens/north east Greenburgh) and 119 & 120 (Fairview):    2,101                                                                                                              Black population in remaining TOV (Hartsdale, Edgemont, Ardsley TOV, North Elmsford):     232.  This number includes 102 residents of the Fulton Park apartment buildings.   Of the remaining 130 TOV Black residents, 86 are domestic employees living in white households (including a few country club employees living on premises). 

While Black people comprised just over 6% of the Town of Greenburgh in 1950, 91% of Black residents lived in one of four neighborhoods, as follows:

1.  Tarrytown Village downtown:  nearly the entire Tarrytown Black population lived west of Broadway and north of what is now 87/287, with the focus being "downtown" Tarrytown centered on Wildey St. and Mechanics Ave.  
2.  Elmsford Village north/east of Main St./ Tarrytown Road.  It is startling that the 1950 Census shows no Black people living in the half of Elmsford Village south  of this line.  
3.  North-east Greenburgh: the Presidents streets neighborhood of Parkway Gardens and also Parkway Homes, partially in the Valhalla School District. 
4.  "Fairview"the square (about 2/3 of a miles on each side) strictly defined by Knollwood Ave on the west,  Prospect Ave and the Metropolis Country Club on the south, Hillside Ave on the east, and Old Tarrytown Road on the north.  In 1950, 1,958 -  2/3 of Greenburgh's Black residents - live in this compact area.  

II.  Charting Black "Households" in 1950 Greenburgh. 

Now that the 1950 census has been released and is indexed, we have the opportunity to measure changes, if any, over the interim decade. An exact comparison is impossible, however, because the 1950 US Census, unlike the 1940 Census, does not identify home ownership.  

When looking through the 1950 Census population lists, there is the quandary of domestic workers.  About 111 Black people in Greenburgh living outside the green shaded areas were domestic employees living in white households or sometimes at country clubs.   It would be misleading to include the residences of these domestic employees - typically in the wealthiest white neighborhoods -  in a study of segregation patterns.  In response to this problem, I decided to map "heads of households." 

For each residence, the 1950 Census identifies a "head."  The head of a household could be a home owner living with a family in single family house, or one person living alone in an apartment.  

Black heads of households in the Town of Greenburgh, 1950

The green-shaded areas are the four neighborhoods with large concentrations of Black residents that I listed above.  The figure in each green area is the number of Black heads of households in the particular area.  The red dots represent Black "heads of households" located outside of the four green-shaded neighborhoods. The largest red dot (on the east-side edge of the map) is the Fulton Park apartments with twenty-two households comprised of 102 Black residents. 

In 1950, 94% of Black-led households in the Town of Greenburgh were located in the green-shaded neighborhoods.

When examining these households more closely we see de facto segregation in operation on the ground level, specifically its impact on  the town's school districts.   It is startling to see that no school-age Black children live in Ardsley and Irvington villages in 1950. In fact,  the Census identifies no Black residents in Ardsley village in 1950.  A Black 18 year old woman lives in Dobbs Ferry in an apartment on Broadway with her 25 year old sister and another woman -the only Black headed household in Dobbs Ferry -  but the census does not indicate if Evelyn Davis still attended school.  The other six Black residents in Dobbs Ferry village are domestic employees living in white households. In Irvington village has one Black household consisting of the three Patterson siblings - each 55 years or older. The remaining 14 Black residents in Irvington in 1950 are adult, domestic employees  living in white households.  

The village of Hastings, however, is somewhat of an exception with all 21 Black residents of the village living in one of three households headed by Black men.  Interestingly all three of these Black men who are heads of households are immigrants.  Dr. Albion Chase and Dr. Cyril Dolly, both born in the Caribbean, lived with their families in adjacent single family homes on Pinecrest Rd. The third household is headed by a Brazilian married to a woman (and a stepson) listed as from Puerto Rico and who are not listed as Black by the census taker, but instead as Philipino which was probably the census taker's stand in for "Latin,"  It is not known if children from these three families attended the Hastings public schools.

While 1950 shows minimal integration improvement over 1940 in household locations, the segregation patterns along school district lines suggested in 1940 is well-established in 1950.  There were no Black children residing in what would have then been the Hartsdale Schools District or the large portion of the Ardsley school district located in unincorporated Greenburgh, and there was one four-year-old child in the Edgemont School district in 1950.  While there were 622 Black children of 18 years or younger in unincorporated Greenburgh in 1950, if it unclear if any - and certainly not more than a two or three Black students - attended the Hartsdale, Edgemont and Ardsley school districts where about one-half of the TOV population resided.  Anecdotes support this perception: the Hartsdale School District was described by the New York Times on April 21, 1966, as having 850 enrolled but only one Black student.  A memoir of growing-up in Edgemont recalls the late 1950s appearance of a black transfer student from Yonkers as notable and novel.  Ardsley schools were only "integrated" in 1965 when a teenager from South Carolina was brought north to live with a white Ardsley family as part of an educational program.   https://patch.com/new-york/tarrytown/first-african-american-integrate-school-1965.  

Greenburgh will undergo enormous growth (from 47,527 in 1950 to 76,213 in 1960), but to map the impact on Black residential choices,  we'll have to wait until 2030 for the release of the 1960 US Census.  

Greenburgh Central School District Enrollment in the 21st Century: A School District in Transition

Takeaways:

1.   From 2000 to 2023, Greenburgh Central School District (GC) K-12 enrollment declined 19%: from 1,893 students in 2000-01 to 1,527 in the current school year.   During this same period, adjacent school districts had enrollment increases: Edgemont +15%; Elmsford +15%; Ardsley +7%; White Plains +6%. 

2.  GC's enrollment decrease is led by a steep drop in K-12 students identified by the district as Black: a 56% decrease from '02-'03 (1,074 students /57% of total enrollment) through the current school year (473 students/ 31% of total enrollment). 

3.  Unlike a similar drop in "white" enrollment (which mostly occured in a short period from '00-'01 to '03-'04) during the time period examined, the decline in Black enrollment has been steady since '02-'03 (declining in 18 of the past 20 school years)  suggesting not "flight" but a myriad of complex factors discouraging young families from remaining or moving into the school district, including housing prices, cost of living for working families, and school district reputation, etc.  

4.  The number of students identified as Latino/Hispanic (according to NYS Education Department definitions) has grown, although not entirely steadily, from 298 students (16% of total enrollment ) in '00-'01 to 737 (48% of total enrollment) in the current school year. Assuming current trends persist, GC will have a majority Hispanic enrollment in the coming school year or two.  This milestone becomes significant when reflecting on the apparent lack of Hispanic representation on the district school board (one member) or in school district admiinstration and senior leadership.    

5.  NYS Education Dept's statistic tracking "economically disadvantaged" students has varied from 47% to 64% of GC's enrollment over the past dozen years.  NYSED definitions for this category have changed over the past two decades, however, making long-term trends difficult to infer.  

6. Students with disabilites (per NYSED definition) have varied from 15% to 19% of K-12 enrollment since '05-'06, and is currently 16%.

source: https://data.nysed.gov; current year

Note:  

1. Although these categories may be awkward and even offensive, NYSED guidelines define students as: 1. American Indian or Alaska Native; 2. Black or African American, 3. Hispanic or Latino, 4. Asian or Native Hawaiian/ Other Pacific Islander, 5. white, or 6 Multiracial.  Multiracial was added in the 2000s and its use varies widely among school disticts. It is a growing catetory in GC and currently accounts for 42 (2.7%) of K-12 students. 

2. It should be noted that GC had a K-12 enrollment increase of 20 students from 21-22 (1,507) to the current school year (1,527). 

3. At least in recent years, departure for non-public schools has not caused GC enrollment declines.  Private/parochial/home school enrollment among school-age children residing within the Greenburgh Central school district has also declined in recent years:  e.g., from 577 in '16-'17 to 437 in '21-'22.  

4.  Greenburgh Central historic enrollment K-12 (post-merger)  the 80s saw nationwide school enrollment declines after the late 60s/early 70s "baby bust.."  Unlike nearby districts, however, where enrollment boomed in the 90s, GC only recovered a small portion of it's earlier losses. 

. 

Greenburgh Town Democratic Party Convention: close results for the second Town Council spot enliven the evening

The Greenburgh Town Democratic Party held its its nominating convention for candidates for town offices this past Thursday, February 23, 2023.    Greenburgh has 81 electoral districts (EDs) with two district leaders (DLs) for each ED.   119 of the 156 DLs (there are currently 6 vacancies) gathered and (with two party officials not voting) 117 DLs (75%) voted to endorse candidates for town supervisor, town judge, town clerk, town board and county legislators.

Paul Feiner for Town Supervisor and Dolores Braithwaite for Town Judge were each unopposed in their re-election bids and were accordingly endorsed by the town party.  David Imamura (running for the county seat vacated by recently elected Assemblymember Mary Jane Shimsky) and Jewel Williams (running for reelection) were unanimously endorsed to represent their respective county legislative districts. Town party leadership has turned decisively against longtime incumbent town clerk Judith Beville, as reflected in a vote of 101 DLs for challenger Lisa Marie Nero to only 14 DL votes for Beville.  Beville lost the Town Democratic Party endorsement for town clerk by a narrower margin 4 years ago and still ran and won re-election.  Beville was first elected town clerk in Nov. 2007 when she beat then incumbent Alfreda Williams.  Beville also won contested Democratic primaries for town clerk in 2013 and 2011.  It is assumed that she will run again this year.  

The main event came last: the four way race for endorsement for two Greenburgh town council seats.  This bout did not disappoint.  First came the surprise withdrawal from the race of Bishop Wilburt Preston. Preston, a Feiner ally and longtime head of the Greenburgh Housing Authority, was clearly a distant fourth in the predicted voting among DLs. He preserved his dignity by pulling out instead of risking the ignominy of receiving just a handful of votes.   The next surprise came with the nomination from the floor of Manni Areces, head of the Juniper Hills Civil Association, to the bemusement of the audience.  As expected, incumbent Gina Jackson lead the voting comfortably and Areces did about as dismally as might have been expected of Preston.  The highly anticipated contest came between Joy Haber of Dobbs Ferry and Jonathan Campozano of Hartsdale for the second of the two town council endorsements.   Here are the results as I count them::

Haber pulled off a very narrow victory over Campozano to receive the town party's second endorsement for town council. While each reached the 50% threshold of weighted votes necessary to receive the party endorsement, Gina Jackson had already sewn up one endorsement, leaving the other candidates to vye for the remaining spot.  

The performance gap among the incorporated villages DLs and the unincorporated DLs, as indicated above, is significant.   Incorporated villagers are almost entirely removed from Greenburgh town government.  They pay only nominal amounts of property taxes to the town and receive few services in return.  In contrast, DLs representing the unincorporated areas are evaluating candidates for town board who, if elected, will set their town property tax rates and impact their home values and standard of living through planning and zoning decisions.  It is revealing that unincorporated DLs favored Haber, a villager, over a fellow unincorporated resident, Campozano, while village DLs reversed that ranking.   It is reasonable to conclude that at least a few unincorporated area DLs felt more comfortable entrusting their budget and tax rates with Haber, who has years of county government employment, over Campozano who had more limited local government experience.